Learn More: Frostbite
Prevention of Frostbite
To prevent frostbite, take these precautions. If frostbite should occur, follow the steps outlined in Treatment of Frostbite.
- Layer your clothing. Multiple layers of light, loose-fitting clothing are more effective than one thick layer. Wear two pairs of socks.
- Stay dry. Your body loses heat faster when it becomes wet. Wear waterproof outer layers. Wear boots that cover your ankles.
- Protect yourself from the wind. Wind robs the body of heat faster than does cold air alone. Wear windproof outer layers and boots.
- Wear a hat to prevent heat loss from your head.
- Wear mittens instead of gloves. Mittens will keep your hands warmer than gloves.
- Avoid drinking alcohol, which causes the blood to lose heat rapidly.
- Avoid smoking, which slows down the circulation of blood to the extremities.
- If an area of your body starts to feel tingly, painful, or numb from the cold, stop what you are doing and warm the affected area. Apply heat, rub, or better yet, get out of the cold. Do not ignore these symptoms. These are the beginning signs of frostbite. If you feel that you already have frostbite, do not rub the affected area or apply direct heat. See Treatment of Frostbite to learn more.
- Keep blankets or protective clothing in your car, in case you become stranded in cold weather.
Things to Remember
- Keep a close eye on children and the elderly because they may not be able to tell you when they are too cold.
- People who take beta-blocker medications and people with atherosclerosis are particularly susceptible to frostbite, as these conditions decrease the flow of blood to the skin.
- You might be desensitized to the beginning sensations of frostbite if you are fatigued, drinking alcohol, or suffering from lack of oxygen due to high elevation.
