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Body Size or Exercise: Which Matters Most? -- References

To ensure the highest quality of content, we use only the latest and most complete primary research the medical community has to offer. All content written and researched by RealAge, Inc., has been peer-reviewed by members of the RealAge Scientific Advisory Board.

References

Fitness and fatness as predictors of mortality from all causes and from cardiovascular disease in men and women in the lipid research clinics study. Stevens, J., Cai, J., Evenson, K. R., Thomas, R., American Journal of Epidemiology 2002 Nov;156(9):832-841.

Is physical activity or physical fitness more important in defining health benefits? Blair, S. N., Cheng, Y., Holder, J. S., Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2001 Jun;33(6 Suppl):S379-399.

How much and what type of physical activity is enough? What physicians should tell their patients. Blair, S. N., LaMonte, M. J., Archives of Internal Medicine 2005 Nov;165(20):2324-2325.

Metabolic syndrome, obesity, and mortality: impact of cardiorespiratory fitness. Katzmarzyk, P. T., Church, T. S., Janssen, I., Ross, R., Blair, S. N., Diabetes Care 2005 Feb;28(2):391-397.

Midlife body mass index and hospitalization and mortality in older age. Yan, L. L., Daviglus, M. L., Liu, K., Stamler, J., Wang, R., Pirzada, A., Garside, D. B., Dyer, A. R., Van Horn, L., Liao, Y., Fries, J. F., Greenland, P., Journal of the American Medical Association 2006 Jan 11;295(2):190-198.

Obesity as compared with physical activity in predicting risk of coronary heart disease in women. Li, T. Y., Rana, J. S., Manson, J. E., Willett, W. C., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G. A., Rexrode, K. M., Hu, F. B., Circulation 2006 Jan;113(4):499-506.

Our passive lifestyle, our toxic diet, and the atherogenic/diabetogenic metabolic syndrome: Can we afford to be sedentary and unfit? Despres, J. P., Circulation, 2005 July;112(4): 453 - 455.

Physical activity considerations for the treatment and prevention of obesity. Jakicic, J. M., Otto, A. D., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2005 Jul;82(1 Suppl):S226-229.

Physical activity, relative body weight, and risk of death among women. Jacobs, D. R., Pereira, M. A., New England Journal of Medicine 2004 Dec;351(26):2753-2755.

Relationship between low cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality in normal-weight, overweight, and obese men. Wei, M., Kampert, J. B., Barlow, C. E., Nichaman, M. Z., Gibbons, L. W., Paffenbarger, R. S., Blair, S. N., Journal of the American Medical Association 1999 Oct 27;282(16):1547-1553.

Relationship of physical fitness vs body mass index with coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events in women. Wessel, T. R., Arant, C. B., Olson, M. B., Johnson, B. D., Reis, S. E., Sharaf, B. L., Shaw, L. J., Handberg, E., Sopko, G., Kelsey, S. F., Pepine, C. J., Merz, N. B., Journal of the American Medical Association 2004 Sep;292(10):1179-1187.

Secular trends in cardiovascular disease risk factors according to body mass index in US adults. Gregg, E. W., Cheng, Y. J., Cadwell, B. L., Imperatore, G., Williams, D. E., Flegal, K. M., Narayan, K. M., Williamson, D. F., Journal of the American Medical Association 2005 Apr 20;293(15):1868-1874.

The effect of combined aerobic and resistance exercise training on abdominal fat in obese middle-aged women. Park, S. K., Park, J. H., Kwon, Y. C., Kim, H. S., Yoon, M. S., Park, H. T., Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human Science 2003 May;22(3):129-135.

The evolution of physical activity recommendations: how much is enough? Blair, S. N., LaMonte, M. J., Nichaman, M. Z., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2004 May;79(5): S913-920.

The fitness, obesity, and health equation: Is physical activity the common denominator? Blair, S. N., Church, T. S., Journal of the American Medical Association 2004 Sep; 292(10):1232-1234.

The predictive value of cardiorespiratory fitness for cardiovascular events in men with various risk profiles: a prospective population-based cohort study. Laukkanen, J. A., Kurl, S., Salonen, R., Rauramaa, R., Salonen, J. T., European Heart Journal 2004 Aug;25(16):1428-1437.

US weight guidelines: Is it also important to consider cardiorespiratory fitness. Lee, C. D., Jackson, A. S., Blair, S. N., International Journal of Obesity 1998;22(Sup 2.):S2-S7

Reviewed by RealAge Staff: 2008-06-01
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