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Sleep Disorder Basics – What the Causes Are

Sleep disorders can stem from a variety of stressors and physical and mental conditions. Acute sleep problems generally last less than 3 weeks and go away on their own. However, chronic sleep problems last longer than 3 weeks and typically require treatment.

Common causes of acute sleep problems include the following:
  • Stress (job loss, the end of a relationship, moving, etc.)
  • Jet lag
  • Food allergies
  • Stimulant use, such as caffeine and nicotine
  • Alcohol consumption
  • Exposure to noise, light, or extreme temperatures that interfere with sleep
  • Napping for long periods or late in the day
  • Minor illnesses, such as a cold or the flu; acute pain, such as a toothache
  • Worries about work, school, finances, or family issues
Common causes of chronic sleep problems include:
  • Medical conditions, such as chronic pain, arthritis, asthma, heartburn, obesity, head injury, neurological disease, or cancer
  • Mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety
  • Mental arousal, such as having a racing mind or being overly concerned about not sleeping
  • Schedule changes, such as working the nightshift
  • Other sleep problems (e.g., sleep apnea can lead to insomnia)
  • Genetics (some sleep disorders may run in families)
Poor sleep hygiene may contribute to both acute and chronic sleep problems. Which type of sleep problem might be keeping you up at night? Take the RealAge Sleep Health Assessment.


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